Lock



F. E. BEST.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED AIIG.28, 1919.

I INI il II l II II Il Il I JJ v iiNiTan sTaTas PATENT @FFHCO- FRANKELLISON BEST, 0F SEATTLE, WASHINGTON. l

LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 5, 1921i.

Application filed August 28, 1919. Serial No. 320,521.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK ELLisoN BEST, a citizen of the United States,residing at 3210 33rd Ave., So., Seattle, in the county of King andState of ldashington, have in vented a new and useful Lock, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in locks and especially to one forwhich l filed anapplication April 24th 1919, whose Serial Number is292,365, to which these improvements are directed. v

The objects of my improvements are; first, to provide in a secondarylock which controls the assembling and disassembling of the lockingmechanism, annular operation instead of axial to eliminate certain reasistance to the removal of the primary key.

caused by the shearing tendency of the secondary locking lshears uponthe pins due to the natural tendency of the core to removey cilitatingtheir ie-insertion into the device;

fourth, to provide pin tumbler combinations suoli that one, key mayoperate both the primary and secondary locks bybeing in serted todifferent positions; fifth, to restore the face of the lock tothesolidarity of an ordinary pin tumbler and cylinder lock; sigrth, toprovide stronger interlocking mechanism between the case and the core;seventh, to provide a shorter lock; eighth, .to

reduce the number of parts; and ninth, to retain all of the advantagesof the lock :referred to. V

l attain these objects by mechanism illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which.-

. Figures 1 and 2 show Vertical longitudinal sections of the devicetaken through the center with the key in the twoy differentv positionsrequired to operate the primary and secondary locks respectively. Fig.3`

shows a section of the lock taken on line DD, Fig. 5.

Fig. 4:, represents a section. taken on line BB, Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 5shows a section taken on line CC, Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 6 shows the samesection with the secondary lock unlocked ready for the removal of thecore. Fig. 7 shows a section taken on line AA, Fig. 1. Figs. 8 and 9represent isometric projections of the two main units of the lock, thecase and the core re-- spectively.

Similar letters and figures refer to the same oi; similar-partsthroughout the several views. j

The case 1, Fig. 8, may be secured in any ordinary manner to a door orother object to be locked and the core, Fig. 9, may be inserted andlocked therein and unlocked therefrom at pleasure.

The core contains the locking mechanism of a primary and a vsecondarylock. The primary lock performs the usual functions of a lock while thesecondary lock controls the insertion and removal of the core from thecase. Y

The core possesses a frame 2, Iforming the face of the lock andextending backward through the device, carrying other members adjustedthereon. To frame 2 is `adjusted eccentric sleeves 3, integral withwhich gate t; which for convenience in manufac ture may be brazedthereon. Prongs 5 of frame 2, fitting into holes in gate or lockingprojection et, facilitate the adjustment of eccentric sleeve 3 to frame2 and permit a limited annular movement of the one relative to theother, while preventing any othermovement. Passing through a hole in theface of frame 2 and througheccentric sleeve 3 'is key cylinder 6 intowhich is mortised and housed throw bar 7 which, in turn,

secures said key cylinder in place, .Throw bar 7 is secured in ,place byan extension 8 of eccentric sleeve 3, and also by case' 1 when cylinderinverted from its osition as shown in thel several views. T is permitssaid -throw 'barbeing inserted upward or withdrawn downward between theopen ends 9, (Fig. of the crescent, whichprojection 8 lof eccentricsleeve 3 forms at that section.

Gate 4 is provided with teeth- 10, Fig. 9,`

which engage with projections 11 in case l,

lic

thereby securing the core within the case as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. l

The lock is provided with pin tumblers 12, and balls 13, operating inthe usual multiple pin tumbler barrels 14 of which there are five inthis instance.

A one piece capping device is employed consisting of frame 15 to whichplugs 17 are riveted or otherwise secured after ends of springsl areclosely fitted about the neck thereof for inclusion in the securingprocess, Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 6. The capping device `is also provided withprojections 18 which fai cilitate its removal by thumb and finger. It isalso provided with projections 19 one of which fits into a groove 20 ingate 4 of eccentric sleeve 3 forv the purpose of preventing the removalof the capping device when the core'is beingremoved or inserted into thecase. The capping device is made symmet- /rical to render it reversible.

The shearing line of the primary lock is at the upper surface of the keycylinder and the yshearing .line of the secondary lock is at the uppersurface of the eccentric sleeve.

When a break in the pins of each barrel is alined flush with the uppersurface of the key cylinder 3 by means of a key as shown in Figs. 1 andw4, the primary lock is operable,- controlling the throw bar, while thesecondary lock remains locked. By alining a break in the pins of eachbarrel flush with the upper surface of the eccentric sleeve as shown inFigs.. 2v and 5, the primary lock becomes locked while the secondarylock be,- comes operable, making possible the disei1- gaging ofthe gate4 ofL eccentric sleeve 3 from projections 11 of case 1 as ,shown in Fig.6, in whichposition `the core may be withdrawn. axially from said caseas shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Upon withdrawing the core, the pin tumblerbarrels may be lrealined making possible the removal of the` cappingdevice and subsequently the pins and balls from the barrels for thepurpose of changing the combinations of the device,'

or disassembling it.

It will'be apparent that by selecting. pins,

' ofproper length, thec lock maybe so adjusted that one or anum'ber ofkeys' may operate either than primary or secondaryi lock, or a key mayoperate either without operating the other or may operate both when so,`desired. For instance, in a certain lock, a dozen different keys mayoperate the primary lock, while the secondary lock is op- `Ierated onlyby onekey and that one different from any of the said dozen.

"Ihis device makes itpossible for an individual to adjust several locksto operate by one key thus removing the necessityof carrying a largebunch of keys and laboriously seeking the right one in the dark. It alsomakes possible changing the lock so that the finder of a lost key or aformer tenant cannot operate the lock. It makes desired changespractical, even within a complicated blerfcombinations so that therewill be as j desired combinations can readily be set up,

and by employing a key fitting punch such as the one for which I filedapplication, May 16, 1919, whose Serial Number is 297,604, a new key tomatch the lock can readily be obtained also.

. In conclusion I wish to'have it understood that I do not limit myinventionto locks of any definite number of tumbler barrels or in anyother way. l

Having thus described `my invention, what I claim 'as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States of Americais: f Y

I claim:

1. In a pin tumbler lock the combinationl with the locking mechanismthereof, of a'- key operated lock-for releasably retaining 4saidmechanism within said pin tumbler lock.

` 2. In a lock, the-combination with the lock case, of' a core therein,locking mechanism in said core to lock said mechanismA to said case, a`key for operating said mechanism to release and withdraw said core andmechanism as a unit from said case. v 3. In. a lock, the combinationwith the case and locking mechanism therein, of a key adapted to be usedselectively for operating said mechanism for lock-operating purposes orfor'removal of saidlmechanism from the case.

4. In a'lock, a lock case, a core containing pin tumbler lockingmechanism removable therefrom bodily, lock controlled mea-ns. in

said core Afor retaining said core in place `within the lock case.

pin tumbler lock comprising a case I I and a key-operable member, meansintegral with said case adapted to be engaged by said key-operablemember to retain said key-op#- erable member in said case. Y

6. In a pin tumbler lock, a core removable I from said lock by `means ofa key, a frame fofsaid core, a* sleeve adjusted. Q11 Said frame,

lzo

said sleevelhaving a gate element, said element Vinterlocking said. jsleeve With said frame.

7. In a pin tumbler lock having a case and a key plug, a sleeve engagingthe key plug, key operated means provided on said sleeve to engage withsaid case to retain said sleeve and key plug within the case.

8. ln a pin tumbler lock having a frame and a key plug, a sleeveinterlocking said frame and key plug together, said sleeve beingadjustedon said frame for rotary movement.

' 9.' In a lock having a case and afi-ame, the combination With saidframe, of a ldevice arranged Jfor rotary movement thereon, and with saidframe constituting the shears of a pin tumbler lock for retaining saidframe in said case.

10. In a lock, a device, a locking rojection thereon, said device beingadapted) to form, with a contiguous 'surface' of saidlock lock.- ingshears, said locking projection being adapted to Vretain said deviceWithin said lock, or release the same Jfor removal.

11. In a pin tumbler lock having akey plug, means for retaining saidkeyplug in place, a sleeve engaging said key plug and serving to retainsaid means in place.

12. key plug usable'in a in tumbler lock, said plug belng provided witha mortise and a throw-bar enhoused in said mortise. l

13. In a pintumbler lock, a member enhousing a key plug, a throw-barhoused inv serving to re-` 'said key plug, said member tain saidthrow-bar in place. 14:. A pin tumbler lock having a key plugand-enhousing members, 'a throw-bar mortised in said plug and retainedin place by and servmg to retain said throw-bar and key,

plug i'n operative positions.

-.16. In a pin tumbler lock, a plurality of lookin shears having pins,barrels, springs Y anda ey Way in common, pin tumbler combinatio'ns suchthat a key in one position will aline a'break in the pin tumblers Hushwith one set ofv lockingA .shears while the lsaid device.

same key in another position will aline a break in the pin tumblers HushWith another set of locking shears.

' 17. In a pin tumbler lock, pin tumbler receiving barrels,'and a.capping device for enfolding said barrels.

18. A capping-device,'usable in a pin Stumbler lock, projections onsaiddevice to acilitate removal `by thumb and finger.

19. A capping device, usable in a pin .tumbler lock having a keyoperable member, said device having a part adapted to be engaged by Saidmember to secure the capping said barrels into and from said case.

24. In a lock having a case, and Provided With a key, pintumbler-barrels, a capping device provided therefor, and a lockingprojection engaging said capping device for s e- 'place duringy theinsertion and removalv ofcuring the latter in place duringthe inser` ution and removal of said barrels into and from said case, said lockingprojection adapted to release said capping device upon alining the keyfor Withdrawal of the'same from said lock.

22,5. A pi tumbler lockr comprising akey plug and row-bar capable ofrotary'and longitudinal movement, key-operable means for lockingsaidplug and throw-'bar from rotary movement and other key-operablemeans for locking said plug and throw-bar from ylongitudinal movement.

j FRANK ELLISON BEST. Witnesses: l f

HAZEL M. FLEMING, MCNEIL ELLIS.

